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Review: This is Spinal Tap

This is Spinal Tap (1983)

review | This is Spinal Tap

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The first real mockumentary still comes on strong on streaming, despite being tripped up by some overzealous image manipulation

by Michael Gaughn
December 8, 2023

I need to get some bitching out of the way before I dive in—a little bitch and a big one. The little one: I wanted to rent This is Spinal Tap but none of the streaming services offer it for rental so I was forced to buy it instead. Nothing against Tap—it’s one of the great movie comedies (leagues beyond the shrill and humorless Some Like It Hot)—I just have no use for a streaming copy. Amazon only charged a couple bucks more than they would have for a rental, but still. It’s the principle of the thing.

The bigger bitch: It looks like hell. I’m sure many, if not most, people would praise it as looking clean with punchy enough color, but that’s kind of beside the point. Spinal Tap was shot in the early ‘80s on 16mm film and it’s just not convincing as a documentary if it doesn’t look like it was shot in the early ‘80s on 16mm film. But somebody went nuts with the enhancement, creating the kind of too crisp, pointillistic look I get whenever I screw around too much with the sharpening tool in Premiere.

I know that kind of thing is now so common it’s become expected. What was done to The Godfather should have raised howls—I didn’t even hear whimpers. But it’s especially egregious when applied to 16mm, where it can’t look anything other than forced and artificial. And it’s not something that’s easy to get used to. I found its sand-art aesthetic pulling me out of the film over and over for the duration.

I know my issue with this can’t fall on anything but deaf ears at a time when both audiences and studios are determined to make sure everything looks like it’s a product of the present moment, even though the present moment irredeemably sucks. But when it undermines the whole spirit of a film—especially at a time when so many contemporary movies are trying to ape the look of 16mm—there’s just no possible excuse.

All that aside, Spinal Tap holds up mightily—far better than I would have expected going into it. It wasn’t the first mockumentary, but it was the first one to get all the basics right. And it’s got more depth to it than any of the mocus that have come in its wake, partly because Rob Reiner and company achieve the almost impossible task of honoring the conventions of satire while fleshing out the characters in ways the form doesn’t usually allow.

The Office (the U.S. Office) never would have happened without Tap—not just because of the form, but because Peter Smokler, the Office DP who defined the look of the mockumentary genre, cut his teeth on Spinal Tap. In fact, there’s a strong and true through-line from Tap to The Larry Sanders Show to Freaks and Geeks to The Office.

Tap is the pinnacle of Reiner’s career, before he descended into churning out that series of beloved “Rob Reiner” films that were hugely successful but all felt too slick and corporate—soulless. It’s not to take anything away from Reiner’s work on Tap to wonder how much Harry Shearer, Michael McKean, and Christopher Guest contributed to the film’s genius—because it is a work of genius. Yes, McKean, Guest, and Shearer created a beyond convincing fake band to build the movie around, but they also seem to have been co-equal to Reiner to making the film work as film.

It would be lazy to give too much of that credit to Guest, who would essentially pick up the mantle from Reiner and create his own reputation as a mockumentarian. But even the strongest of his efforts—Best of Show—is just pleasing and diverting. It doesn’t come within lightyears of what Tap was able to achieve.

There’s zero point in rehashing the particulars of Tap at this late date since practically every frame of the film is now baked deeply into the culture, but I have to point out how much Harry Shearer was able to do in the otherwise thankless role of second banana. He gets, and then brilliantly milks, the two best sight gags in the film: the (admittedly an acquired taste) ”stuck in the giant plastic chrysalis” bit and the now legendary “zucchini in the trousers” bit, indisputably one of the great sight gags in cinema.

Lastly, the film’s frequent references to racism and sexism reminded me how long we’ve been stuck in that conversation, have been trying to play by those rules, while making practically no discernible headway, but have instead managed to turn legitimate concerns about decency and fairness into wedges to drive huge swaths of the populace, and single individuals with them, apart. It might be time to give up on playing out that particular lose-lose scenario—it’s clearly become nothing but a way to maintain the status quo—and consider that any kind of sustainable decency might need to be rooted in commonality, not difference, instead.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | Way over-enhanced, in a way that completely undermines the film’s shot-in the-early-’80s-on-16mm documentary aesthetic 

SOUND | The on-set sound is about what you could expect from a pseudo documentary. The music tracks are cleaner and more dynamic, though, with the occasional too-extreme separation of the time.

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Review: The King of Staten Island

The King of Staten Island

review | The King of Staten Island

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Attempting to capture the aimlessness, absurdity, and grunge of the underclass, Judd Apatow utterly misses the mark

by Michael Gaughn
January 27, 2020

I know that people like the characters in The King of Staten Island exist but I don’t like paying to be reminded of that fact, especially over a grueling two hours and 17 minutes. I felt the same revulsion watching American Factory, another grisly reminder of the underclass spawned by successive generations of callous, punitive economics and an increasingly toxic pop culture. Yes, this is who we’ve become, but it’s nothing to be proud of.

I can’t imagine what kept Apatow motivated through the protracted process of developing, writing, shooting, and doing post on something this pointless. When he sat down every morning, what did he see in this dung heap that gave him the energy to carry on?

The answer may lie with the Apatow house brand—which is something distinctly different from his style as a filmmaker, which I’ll get to it a minute. Imagine Freaks & Greeks grafted onto Buñuel’s Los olividados, and you’ll have some idea of where he was trying to go with Staten Island. And that could have potentially been fertile ground. Problem is he couldn’t resist the impulse to apply his patented warm and fuzzy formula in an effort to redeem his irredeemable characters, so what starts out like Trainspotting ends up a lot like It’s a Wonderful Life. The former rings true, but something nobody really needs to be exposed to; the latter is just nauseating.

His distinctive style has been apparent from his earliest directorial efforts. (Even a casual observer can see the clear through-line from the freeze-pop scene in Freaks & Geeks to Staten Island.) And his work has the potential of being tremendously expressive—if he can ever find the right material. The problem is, Freaks remains his strongest effort to date, aside from some occasional moments in 40 Year Old Virgin and This is 40. Whenever he’s tried to bring some discipline to his work and act more like a “filmmaker,” like with Knocked Up, the egregious Funny People, and here, he always goes seriously awry. But he’s definitely onto something, and might actually somehow someday get far enough out of his own way to latch onto a more promising subject.

Staten Island was supposed to have had a limited theatrical run, mainly at drive-ins, but Universal at the last minute decided to send it straight to video. My guess is they couldn’t figure out who the audience was supposed to be and were afraid it would flop hard even at a time when people are starved for entertainment.

But premium video on demand wasn’t such a great alternative. I had to fork over 19 bucks to watch this on Amazon—that’s a hefty amount to wager on a film that doesn’t give you much of  a clue of what you’re in for. The bigger problem is that you can be halfway through the seemingly interminable slog of watching it and still not have a clue.

I know it’s heresy to bring this up at a time when every film sprawls and nobody has the creative discipline, or a strong enough sense of mercy, to cut anything to the length it actually deserves, but Staten Island could have easily been a nice, tight 90 minutes and still have been, for better or worse, the same film. At least I would have gotten 45 minutes of my life back.

I don’t have much to say about the acting except that, if you’ve ever seen an Apatow film, you’re seen all of these performances before. And there’s the recurring problem of nepotism. What has to happen to keep Apatow from casting his own family members? His daughter Maude is OK as Pete Davidson’s responsible, grounded, empathetic (insert morally laudable trait here: _____) sister, but is in no way exceptional and is a kind of poster child for the daughters of privilege swelling the acting ranks in New York and LA, people with only modest abilities but terrific connections.

There’s nothing exceptional happening on the technical side either. Staten Island is shot in the standard-issue faux documentary, “independent film” style that’s been dragging down serious films for at least a decade now. (Did I mention that this isn’t really a comedy?) Everything is well enough shot and assembled, but this could have been presented as a radio play with pretty much the same impact. Part of the almost $20 price of admission can be attributed to Staten Island being a 4K HDR release, but I couldn’t see where that really helped or hindered anything.

The audio is perfectly serviceable, and can’t be held accountable for the unpleasant accents and some of the actors’ inability to articulate their lines. There are the obligatory pop-music cues meant to create a false sense of energy, and some firearms are discharged during a robbery scene. I guess the gunshots sound realistic. I’m kind of glad to say I have no way of knowing for sure.

Maybe this thing panders just enough to have an audience beyond self-pitying brats. God only knows Staten Island embodies the corrosive masochism that lies at the black heart of the culture. I just know that trying make our dance with Thanatos more palatable by turning it into something that veers awful close to becoming a musical isn’t healthy for anybody. If you really feel like you really need to piss away $20 online, go play some poker instead.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | Shot in standard-issue faux documentary, “independent film” style, it’s hard to see where 4K HDR brings anything to the proceedings

SOUND | The audio is perfectly serviceable and can’t be held accountable for the unpleasant accents and some of the actors’ inability to articulate their lines

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Review: The Graduate

The Graduate (1967)

review | The Graduate

Is it possible to strip away all the nostalgia and see Mike Nichols’ generation-defining film for what it is?

by Michael Gaughn
April 27, 2023

It’s pure luck that I stumbled upon Mike Nichols’ The Graduate on Prime after having reviewed his Carnal Knowledge last week. One is a masterpiece, one of the greatest films of its era; the other is a hopeless jumble, triaged in post—and all the stitches still show. And what applies to which is probably the exact opposite of what you’d expect, given the consensus of the mass-mind.

What follows is going to be a little more abstract and analytical than usual. But when you’re dealing with a movie whose reputation stems mainly from people’s identification with a character and an era, you have to cut through all the sentimental attachments to have any hope of judging the film itself. Much like Breakfast at Tiffany’s, The Graduate has been embraced by successive generations out of nostalgia and because it can be so easily reinterpreted to fit the preoccupations and prejudices of the present. But being a convenient and malleable receptacle for blind emotion is usually antithetical to what ought to define a good movie.

The Graduate is known as being one of the more radical mainstream films of the late ’60s, one of the first to portray the extreme alienation of youth within the Establishment, to show what was once called the Generation Gap as anything other than a punchline, to assimilate disruptive techniques from foreign films, and to use rock-inflected songs in a non-jukebox way. One of the main reasons it’s still embraced is that, like almost every film made today, it’s filled with superficial gestures of rebellion—or at least acting out—but is at heart conformist. Which points to the bigger reason for its continued popularity—

In college, during the Post-Structuralist era, interested in seeing if mainstream movies actually can be radical, I did a Proppian analysis of The Graduate. (For those unfamiliar with Vladimir Propp, his Morphology of the Folktale is an incisive, elegant, and beautifully written analysis of the structure of fables.) I expected The Graduate, given its reputation, to present a challenge, and was surprised—shocked, actually—to find that not only didn’t its bones lead it in any new directions but that it’s a textbook example of a classic fairy tale—not only in the obvious way of Ben as knight, Elaine as princess, and Mrs. Robinson as wicked queen, with Benjamin going off on an archetypal quest/rescue, but down to the micro level of how these tales traditionally play out.

In other words, we continue to watch The Graduate mainly because it provides the emotional satisfaction of Snow White and Sleeping Beauty—both the originary tales and their Disneyfied reinterpretations. Nobody at the time of its release realized that all this lay at its core, and I’ve seen little evidence that many have realized it since. But once you connect the dots, it all makes sense.

And, given what a disjointed patchwork the film is, it turns out that underlying structure is the only thing holding it together in any meaningful way. There are at least four distinctly different shooting styles—not as any deliberate strategy but from an inability to figure out how to convey the material. It doesn’t know when it’s hitting the comedy too hard (Mrs. Robinson’s famous pursuit of Benjamin feels painfully long now, and Hoffman’s reactions to her advances feel forced and sitcomy), and it transitions into drama with a heavy lurch—which once seemed innovative but, in retrospect, could have been handled much more deftly.

I could continue to cite examples, but you get the idea. The only other thing I’ll point to is the ending, which is poorly motivated, ineptly executed, and ultimately the kind of kitchen-sink pile-on you’d expect to see at the end of a Beach Blanket movie. The only reason we buy into it is because the knight is rescuing the princess from her captors. And the only reason we buy into that is because the entire film has been (probably without being aware of it) preparing us for that moment. And the point I ultimately want to make from all that is that, with very few exceptions, radical art—whether we’re talking pop culture or more serious art—feeds from deeply conservative roots that determine it far more completely than most people would be willing to admit.

The other point worth making, because it’s the other reason for the film’s longevity, is that the worst thing you can do is forge any kind of emotional identification with the characters in a movie. At that point, you’re no longer experiencing the film on its own terms but selfishly using it to bolster your own ego (even if you’re not aware that’s what you’re doing). So there’s no way your impressions of it can be even remotely objective—which has been the case with the vast majority of people who’ve seen The Graduate in the 56 years since its release.

If you decide to give The Graduate a gander, nothing about its presentation on Prime should dissuade you. I have to emphasize yet again how good movies can look on the service and how that’s happening more and more often, making the fingerprints of streaming harder and harder to detect.

The iconic image early on of Ben with his head resting against an aquarium is both solid and beautiful. The “Ben at the pool” montage, accompanied by “The Sounds of Silence” and “April Come She Will,” is similarly solid despite reflections, hot spots, and frequent sparkles. There is a decent number of soft frames but they can all be attributed to the film itself, as can all the mismatched and overexposed shots, the inconsistent tonal range, and some scenes exhibiting far more contrast than others. The earlier eras of home video helped smooth over many of these flaws, but streaming is reaching the point of consistently offering up transfers exactly as they are, warts and all.

“Warts and all” pretty much describes the soundtrack as well. It’s not terrible and a little bit of basic cleanup would make a huge difference, but it’s sad to hear so much distortion on the Simon & Garfunkel tracks. That said, the solution isn’t to splice in pristine, digitized mixes that feel alien to the era and violate the spirit of the film.

That people find it acceptable—and are encouraged—to impose their subjective biases on movies might be the biggest argument against granting most films any real stature. If the audience is responsible for creating at least half the experience of a “great” film, what exactly is making it great? Once fads die down and the audience moves on and no longer feels the need to pump a movie up, it’s as if it never existed—which is when marketing steps in to push the nostalgia angle hard to try to inflate it all over again. All this is undeniably part of the life cycle of any film, and something studios and filmmakers have gotten increasingly adept at cultivating and exploiting. It seems all but inevitable we’ll soon reach the point where it will become impossible to judge any film on its own merits because, very much intentionally, there’s no there there.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | Nothing about The Graduate‘s presentation on Prime should dissuade you from giving it a gander. The reproduction is solid throughout with any warts solely attributable to the original film.

SOUND | The sound’s not terrible and a little bit of basic cleanup would make a huge difference, but it’s sad to hear so much distortion on the Simon & Garfunkel tracks

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Review: The Pink Panther (1963)

The Pink Panther (1963)

review | The Pink Panther (1963)

The only Panther film worth watching, with Clouseau as a fully realized character instead of a one-joke cartoon

by Michael Gaughn
April 24, 2023

There is only one Pink Panther movie. Blake Edwards managed to create an almost perfect modern-day farce with the original, 1963 film. All the various sequels were just cynical attempts to exploit a brilliantly conceived comic character, reducing Clouseau to an increasingly repugnant cartoon and trotting out Peter Sellers like he was some kind of circus freak. The greatest sin of all is none of the sequels are even remotely funny. The only upside is that the massive revenue they generated allowed Edwards to make films like Victor/Victoria and 10.

Edwards had a weakness for sight gags, an itch he was able to scratch with varying degrees of success throughout his career. He used them to liven up early, fluffy efforts like Operation Petticoat and The Perfect Furlough but failed to show the necessary restraint in Breakfast at Tiffany’s, where they often feel like they were spliced in from another movie. The relentlessness of the gags chokes The Great Race, inducing fatigue by the end of the first reel when there’s still more than two hours of movie to go. On the other hand, he turned that relentlessness to his advantage with The Party, a successful modern attempt, with a nod to Tati, at a silent film.

The only time he achieved an ideal balance between story and gags was The Pink Panther, which works because he was able to use the conventions of classic stage farce without making the film look stagey—and because he came up with Clouseau. And because Peter Sellers played the character when he was at the absolute height of his powers. Sellers did The Pink Panther and Dr. Strangelove pretty much back to back—two of the supreme examples of comic acting on film and, considered together, an unsurpassed feat.

Peter Ustinov was originally supposed to play Clouseau, which would have guaranteed that the film would be nothing more than a pleasant temporary diversion fated to sink beneath the waves of time. The rest of the ensemble is solid enough but in no way exceptional, which allows Sellers to exist within it as an independent force of nature, but without the obligation to have him in every scene—one of the reasons the original film wears so well and the sequels seem so  ponderous and one-note now.

But for everything Edwards does well here, even he can’t sustain his well-modulated conception for the duration, and the whole thing starts to sag badly after the transition from Cortina d’Ampezzo to Rome, where the need to stage a “wild” party and a jewel heist simultaneously, followed by a “wild” chase scene—all of them forced exercises that feel more obligatory than inspired—threatens to sink the whole enterprise. (Richard Lester’s A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, made two years later, suffers from the same flaw, only worse.) The ending almost works and almost reestablishes some kind of equilibrium, but you’re basically left with a warm memory of what transpired during the earlier parts of the film, once you repress the egregious missteps.

The transfer on Prime bears all the earmarks of being the same Blu-ray-quality transfer available on Kaleidescape—which means it’s pleasant enough to watch with no significant distractions, but a movie of this popularity and stature deserves better. The famous opening titles look dirty and even a little murky, and some wear and tear with the elements is apparent throughout the film. That said, the colors are for the most part vivid, and streaming is able to handle things like the blinding white slopes of Cortina without a hiccup—something that would have been unthinkable a couple of years ago.

The audio could use some work. The mix from the time probably wasn’t great but I find it hard to believe it sounded this bad. This is probably Henry Mancini’s best score, which, aside from a few too-obvious “joke” cues is mainly wall-to-wall mood music—which is more than fine because it’s exactly what the material called for and a merciful break from the pretentious Post Romantic drivel that drips off most movies like syrup. But it’s painful to hear Mancini’s tasteful arrangements sounding like AM radio. On the other hand, it would be a disaster to give them a latter-day goosing—the Living Stereo treatment that make his cues on the most recent release of Breakfast at Tiffany’s sound like they existed in a parallel universe from the dialogue tracks.

It’s a shame Blake Edwards got lazy. Clouseau, married but as a perpetual cuckold, as lost running the gauntlet of domestic life as he is the one of crime and the police, and unburdened by the comic relief of a manservant, the Little Tramp removed from the Victorian era and saddled with the pathetic delusions and neuroses of the present, would have been a much richer character than the merely convenient and monotonous figure of the sequels. But at least we have the original Panther film to appreciate on its own terms and as a glimpse of what could have been.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | The transfer on Prime bears all the earmarks of being the same Blu-ray-quality transfer available on Kaleidescape—which means it’s pleasant enough to watch, with no significant distractions, but with enough evidence of worn elements to cry out for a restoration

SOUND | The audio could use some beefing up so Henry Mancini’s tasteful arrangements don’t end up sounding like AM radio

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Review: Carnal Knowledge

Carnal Knowledge (1971)

review | Carnal Knowledge

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Its deceptively small scale and stripped-down style have led to this still vibrant Mike Nichols’ satire on fractured mores never getting the recognition it deserves

by Michael Gaughn
April 20, 2023

Not having seen Carnal Knowledge in a while, and not exactly sure what my impression was of it the last time around, this recent viewing was something of a revelation. Mike Nichols’ deeply quirky, deeply sardonic big-name, big-budget miniature is one of those one-off, completely sui generis films that pop up from time to time that really shouldn’t work yet somehow manage to coalesce and succeed. For something so deeply rooted in its extremely unstable era, it holds together amazingly well and seems even more expressive and potent now, probably both because it taps into timeless constants of behavior and is such a spot-on portrait of that time.

Nichols was once considered a genius filmmaker, but that was mainly hype. He’s now known, when he’s known at all, as the guy who did The Graduate—a film, like Breakfast at Tiffany’s, that recent generations have willfully misconstrued to help bolster and justify their preoccupations and prejudices. His movie career began with Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, an overly long adaptation of Albee’s play made watchable by unexpectedly powerful performances from Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor. Then came The Graduate, a bit of a mess of a movie that awkwardly tossed together attempts at late ’60s social consciousness with European art-film pretentiousness and a lot of TV comedy schtick, thanks mainly to Buck Henry. Again, it was the performances that made it work. Next was Catch-22, which was—from conception to production to final release—a mess on a monumentally larger scale. (Sensing an opportunity, Robert Altman created M*A*S*H as a pared-down, knowing, and kind of nasty retort to Nichols’ disaster. Altman was then able to use the huge box-office generated by his low-budget farce as the springboard for his career.)

While this is a somewhat simplistic tack, it’s hard not to see Carnal Knowledge as a reaction—possibly traumatic—to the overweening nightmare of Catch-22. Instead of a cast of thousands, the ensemble of players is so small it fits on two title cards with plenty of room to spare. Instead of staging a vast, coffer-draining military operation, the action plays out, in highly stylized form, on a series of modest, even spare, sets. Instead of epic spectacle, there’s people, just a few, and most often shown in medium shot or closeup, sometimes speaking directly to the camera.

And, as with Woolf and The Graduate, Knowledge is very much an actors’ showcase. It’s not that Nichols is shy about deploying his filmic technique or afraid to experiment stylistically, but for the only time in his career, that technique is a completely organic extension of the material, expressive and reinforcing and consistent.

Jack Nicholson’s performance is from start-to-finish astonishing, running the gamut from charming to insecure to cooly detached to terrifying—probably his best work. Anyone who hasn’t seen him in Knowledge has only been exposed to a fraction of what he’s capable of. Still a relative newcomer who’d only recently gotten his first serious attention in Easy Rider and Five Easy Pieces, you can sense Nicholson relishing the chance to finally work with a sophisticated script and a first-rank director.

What I’m going to write next might be even more astonishing, because the rest of the ensemble—Art Garfunkel, Candice Bergen, and Ann-Margret—none of them blessed with acting chops within spitting distance of Nicholson’s—all rise to the occasion, turning in nuanced, daring, exceptional performances. None of them had done work this good before; none would ever do anything better.

It’s too easy to lean on the saw that what’s best about the best films often has more to do with the cinematographer than the director, even though that’s often true. The meaning of “best” is so multivalent and slippery, and so many factors can contribute to what does and doesn’t work in a movie, that it’s rarely useful to ride that thought too hard. (And, to utter the ultimate heresy, producers probably have more to do with a film’s creative success than either the director or the cinematographer—especially since the turn of the millennium.)

That said, Giuseppe Rotunno’s considered but spellbinding photography undeniably gives Carnal Knowledge a consistency, solidity, mordancy, wit, and grace it would have lacked otherwise. It and the acting are equally stunning, but Rotunno’s work is what holds the production together, what makes it sing.

The late ’60s and early ’70s were not kind to cinematography. Film stocks tended to be too slow to keep up with what filmmakers were trying to achieve, and post production was a shambles in the wake of the collapse of the studio system, so nobody seemed to know how to properly put a film together anymore. And yet Rotunno’s work here—a European working in the wreckage of the old Hollywood—is brilliant and unassailable. Any contemporary director could glean volumes by going back to Knowledge for a refresher course in the rudiments of post-Studio Era film grammar. Rotunno shows how to be experimental without being pretentious, theatrical without looking stagebound, virtuosic without being smart-ass.

But some of the credit also goes to production designer Dick Sylbert, his sister-in-law Anthea as costume designer, and editor Sam O’Steen—the same team that had worked on Polanski’s Rosemary’s Baby three years earlier and would work on Chinatown three years on, able to achieve the craftsmanship of Paramount in its heyday at a time when that kind of resourcefulness and finesse had fallen out of favor.

The elements for the transfer streaming on Prime are a little beat up but not unacceptably so, nothing that will take you out of the experience once you get beyond the random scratches and dirt during the red-on-black opening credits. All in all, this is a damn fine presentation that’s remarkably true to the film. The color levels seem accurate, blacks—which are crucial to the look—are solid and deep, and whites are similarly solid, only exhibiting noise in some tiles on a bathroom wall during a tracking shot.

Since Knowledge isn’t considered a “big” movie, who knows if it will ever receive the restoration or 4K bump-up it more than deserves. But there are classics of the marketing-driven, “I loved that when I was a kid” kind, and then there are true classics, as in legitimate works of cinematic art. Carnal Knowledge falls solidly in the latter camp and ought to be on the short list of films worth seeking out for anyone who hasn’t yet encountered it.

The soundtrack, like the visuals, is deceptively simple—clean and dynamic and surprisingly satisfying for mono. Yes, mono.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | A damn fine presentation that’s remarkably true to the film. The color levels seem accurate, blacks—which are crucial to the look—are solid and deep, and whites are similarly solid, only exhibiting noise in some tiles on a bathroom wall during a tracking shot.

SOUND | The soundtrack is deceptively simple—clean and dynamic and surprisingly satisfying for mono

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Review: The Aviator

The Aviator (2004)

review | The Aviator

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Scorsese’s best effort since Casino still holds up—if you peel away all the spectacle and just focus on the human drama

by Michael Gaughn
April 18, 2023

Let’s be honest—Martin Scorsese has been squeezing every last drop out of his reputation for a painfully long time. He hasn’t made a great film since 1995’s Casino, nor a good one since the 2004 effort under consideration here. Most of his late-period output has been at the level of Gangs of New York, Shutter Island, and The Wolf of Wall Street, movies that would be deplorable coming from any director, let alone Scorsese.

It’s not like his whole career hasn’t been littered with misfires—nobody can possibly justify the existence of 1985’s After Hours—but the problem became chronic with the rise of digital cinema, which Scorsese chose to commingle with an overly romantic fantasy of working within the old studio system, resulting in a long, long string of tepid, grating, overwrought works.

It’s not a hard and fast rule of thumb, but his films became rapidly less interesting the further he roamed from his Neo-Realist roots. Without that looseness of execution and core interest in human interaction, they quickly became mannered, almost mechanistic, to the point where you can almost hear them giving off a kind of clockwork whirr.

The Aviator is a bit of an exception, although it’s not entirely clear why. It can be engrossing when it’s not trying to be epic. Channel out all the pasteboard spectacle and it’s actually pretty compelling—but looking past the vast welter of misconceived, poorly executed, and often silly effects work can be daunting for even the most determined.

And the film manages to work despite some astonishingly bad casting. Gwen Stefani’s cameo as Jean Harlow is brief but she still manages to be a significant negative presence, and makes you wonder who owed who a favor. A far bigger problem is Cate Blanchett’s Katherine Hepburn. The vast gap between Blanchett and Hepburn’s physical presences serves as a constant reminder of how little the former resembles the latter, and makes Blanchett seem more caricature than character. Her only strong scene, as she tries to communicate with Hughes through the locked door to his screening room, works mainly because the lighting mercifully obscures her. Kate Beckinsale does an interesting turn as an Ava Gardner that has practically nothing to do with the real Gardner but she displays enough skill that you have to wonder what her career would have been like if she hadn’t so easily succumbed to portraying one-dimensional cartoon figures.

DiCaprio isn’t up to playing Hughes, but watching him struggle so hard to rise to the challenge is a large part of the film’s allure. The Aviator works, to the degree it does, because the core material and Scorsese’s fascination with the dichotomy between Hughes’s public persona and his dysfunction (which would eventually become his persona)—wedded with DiCaprio’s valiant effort to craft a character—bring a depth to the proceedings that would have been wholly absent if the film’s original director, Michael Mann, had been at the helm.

Once you start actively blocking out all the egregious digital set-pieces, you realize this is a pretty intimate, fairly nuanced, and surprisingly quiet film. It’s a shame no one will ever recut this thing into that movie because the result would be a work for the ages. What we have instead is a lumbering, overly long, effects-addled curiosity piece. And in that sense, it could be argued that The Aviator was well ahead of its time.

Robert Richardson’s cinematography is consistently strong, often inspired, and is still frequently surprising, although it’s hard to appreciate exactly what he accomplished here because it often finds itself butted up against all that inept digital showboating and suffers by the association. The sound is clean enough; the mix is sometimes fascinatingly complex, other times just pointlessly chaotic. And then there’s the typically meaningless score from Howard Shore.

One last dig at the effects, but it’s a point worth making. The showstopper moment is supposed to be Hughes’ crash landing in the middle of a Beverly Hills neighborhood. But the shots leading up to the crash are so smooth and stylized and quiet (since when have prop planes been quiet?) and so obviously matted that nothing about the crash feels real. The tiles peeling off the roofs of the homes look (and, oddly, sound) like a kid tossing around Legos. The flames could have come from a hand-tinted silent movie. The upshot is that there’s no sense of physical peril. So what was the point?

That kind of miscalculation is far from limited to The Aviator and has come to infect virtually every film made. Movies have become merely diverting because they lack the courage to engage. And our lazy embrace of digital effects, on both the production and audience sides, is largely responsible for that. Since supposedly cutting-edge effects start to look creaky pretty much the second they’re first deployed, we’re running the very real risk of the past three decades of mainstream filmmaking looking not just hokey but, with no other qualities to redeem them, being written off as a total loss.

In the ongoing crapshoot that is streaming on Prime, The Aviator is one of the winners. It doesn’t represent the ideal, and it’s far from the last word in resolution. You can sense what’s missing. But you don’t really miss it. Taking all the tradeoffs into account, it creates a satisfying experience. There’s some noise in blown-out areas, like you’d see in a Blu-ray-quality transfer on Kaleidescape. And it’s able to handle most of Scorsese’s signature fast pans and tracking shots without judder, breakup, or other obvious stumbles. (But the pan down from the ceiling in Juan Trippe’s office in the top of the Chrysler Building does fall apart badly. And the 360-degree track and pan of the frantic editing-suite activity during post production on Hell’s Angels proves to be a bridge too far.) There’s a nice amount of grain in evidence—which is worth savoring because odds are it would get damped down or scrubbed away completely in a 4K HDR release.

It’s all too easy to become blasé, but consider that for a moment. We are now in an age where you can readily stream Blu-ray-quality transfers—even 4K ones—without appreciable compromises. That’s not to say there aren’t bad apples out there—there are, a lot of them. But day by day, both the quality and quantity of higher-resolution streaming titles increases. We’re not far from the point when reference-quality streaming will be the expected norm.

And The Aviator on Prime is free.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | The Aviator on Prime doesn’t represent the ideal and is far from the last word in resolution, but once you take the tradeoffs into account, it offers a satisfying experience

SOUND | The sound is clean enough, with a mix that’s sometimes fascinatingly complex, other times just pointlessly chaotic

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Review: Something Wild

Something Wild (1986)

review | Something Wild

This comedy-drama road film from the ’80s rises above its mediocre direction thanks mainly to defining performances by Jeff Daniels and Ray Liotta

by Michael Gaughn
March 24, 2023

Can we all now agree that Jonathan Demme just wasn’t a very good filmmaker? From the too-tall-tale-ish Melvin and Howard to the preppy pretentiousness of Stop Making Sense to the cringe-inducing Married to the Mob to the inexcusable cartoonishness of Silence of the Lambs to the TV-movie angst of Philadelphia to the sheer pointlessness of his Manchurian Candidate and the half-baked flailing of Rachel Getting Married, Demme could just never transcend his limitations long enough to rise to the first rank. Ultimately he was simultaneously too conservative and too progressive, unable to subsume his leanings into his work, and ultimately that work was just too thin to stand the test of time.

The closest he ever got to doing a really good movie was Something Wild, and that succeeds mainly because of a rock-solid script and still astonishing performances by Jeff Daniels and newcomer Ray Liotta and, to a lesser degree, Melanie Giffith. If it were possible to scrape away all the hip-political gingerbread Demme spread indiscriminately over the proceedings, it might just possibly qualify as great. But all that utterly extraneous gunk is now so congealed and ossified that you constantly have to peer around it to discern the movie’s strengths.

Something Wild is strikingly similar to Blake Edwards’ Blind Date, released around the same time, with both being ill-considered attempts to drag Bringing Up Baby kicking and screaming into the ‘80s—conservative young man gets pulled into the orbit of wild young woman and chaos ensues. It also overlaps substantially with Lynch’s Blue Velvet—also from the same time—with the naive young man having to vanquish the irredeemable baddie. There must have been something in the air—and that something was the crumbling of the insubstantial illusion of the Reagan era. After six years, its essential hollowness, hypocrisy, and nastiness were becoming apparent even to its boosters.

But what played out next was unprecedented. Rather than accept what we were being shown and do some badly needed soul-searching, we decided to double down on the illusion and say we’d rather get lost in obviously curdled fantasy than accept an unpleasant but too obvious truth. And that’s what ultimately kicks the props out from under Something Wild. By trying to have it both ways, saying there’s something rotten at the core and that it’s all ultimately going to somehow be OK, it lands exactly nowhere—which makes it a kind of harbinger for the all-things-to-everyone-and-nothing-to-anyone cinema of today.

What all these filmmakers missed was the insidious rise of the technocratic gods and how easily we’d be pacified by their seemingly empowering but ultimately self-serving and oppressive fictions. Thinking the human dimension still mattered, they failed to see not only that it was being reduced to a convenient shell of dichotomous stereotypes but that they were actively aiding in that dismantling. It’s a little scary how accurately Demme anticipates the delusional bleak, blinkered, and ruthlessly judgmental pre-adolescent utopianism that’s overrun contemporary pop culture.

He’d like you to think he’s being radical but here, as in all his work, Demme is just doing penance for his Liberal guilt. Any film that opens with blatant cultural appropriation, with David Byrne croaking out lily-white salsa behind the titles, obviously has its priorities all knotted up. By the time the credit comes up for the predictably forgettable John Cale/Laurie Anderson score, you know you’re solidly in the ‘80s Downtown art scene that smoothed down the waves of the ’70s and laid the foundation for the robber barons who seized and devoured Manhattan whole in the ‘90s. (For a more honest and infinitely more creative take on all this, see Scorsese’s “Life Lessons,” the first section of New York Stories.)

Critics went ape over Tak Fujimoto’s cinematography at the time. It has its moments but it’s not that good, and a lot of it now feels not just affected but dreary. But it is well enough served by the 1080p presentation on Amazon. As with so much on that service, it’s not exceptional but isn’t compromised enough that you’ll be lunging for the remote to click off. The stereo mix is similarly serviceable—certainly not distracting. It’s hard to see where Atmos would bring much to the experience—better to leave the mix alone and treat the film as a product of its time.

Something Wild is fascinating as a cultural artifact—showing how political convictions can warp creation and blind you to the present. Demme is almost irrelevant to what’s best about the film, but somebody had to be there to say “Action!” If you’ve never seen it, it’s worth watching for the leads. And if it’s been a while, revisit it—once.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | Something Wild is well enough served by the 1080p presentation on Amazon—not exceptional but not compromised enough to be distracting

SOUND | The audio is similarly serviceable, with a stereo mix that wouldn’t be much enhanced by an Atmos do-over.

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Review: The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance

The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962)

review | The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance

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Even John Ford at his second best is better than almost any other filmmaker

by Michael Gaughn
February 7, 2023

Thomas Kuhn’s notion of paradigms doesn’t just apply to scientists but to practically anyone—including, or especially, movie directors. If goes something like this: No matter how brilliant you are, you tend to stay emotionally wedded to the concepts that made your career, which can make it difficult or impossible to grasp or accept any later innovations that challenge those core convictions.

The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance is very-late-period John Ford, and the changes in shooting styles, production logistics, and public taste emerging in the early ‘60s all chip away at the film throughout—so relentlessly that it almost doesn’t survive the onslaught. What’s amazing—and distinguishes an artist from a dilettante—is that Ford uses all that disorientation to lay the groundwork for successors (and usurpers) like Leone and Peckinpah. (How much of that was conscious and how much intuitive is for another day.)

Rattling off Lee Marvin, Lee Van Cleef, Strother Martin, and Woody Strode is like reading a roll call of actors who would soon become synonymous with the most prominent efforts to redefine the western. And their influence, and the influence of Valance, can be felt all the way to the present, thanks to hopeless film geeks like Tarantino.

Also influential was the film’s darkness, almost viciousness. Uncharacteristic of Ford, it emerged in some of his later films, especially The Searchers, and feels not unlike the sadistic bitterness of Hitchcock’s late films. In Searchers, Valance, and Cheyenne Autumn, you sense Ford tormented, challenging the convictions that defined his body of work while trying to ward off challenges from the larger culture, which was becoming similarly disenchanted with the defining myth of the American west.

Everything about the film feels slightly out of sync, most obviously with the performances. John Wayne specialized in playing flaming assholes, and as long as your worldview aligned with his, you saw his actions as righteous. But while it’s hard not to have ambiguous feelings about Wayne’s Ethan Edwards, his character here puts you very much in a yer-either-for-’im-or-ag’in’-‘im position that can make the film seem despairing, even nihilistic. And while Jimmy Stewart turns in a typically accomplished and untypically daring performance, the relentless bullying of the Wayne character makes Stewart look unnecessarily pathetic.

The visual style is similarly off, out of alignment with Ford’s defining aesthetic. Ford was a master visual stylist—possibly the greatest of the Studio Era—but he seems lost here. The sets and painted backdrops are all blatantly artificial, and the flat, high-contrast lighting makes Valence look like an episode of The Rifleman. We are many, many miles here from the depth and richness of How Green Was My Valley, The Long Voyage Home, Young Mr. Lincoln, My Darling Clementine, and Fort Apache. Having cut his teeth in the silent era, and with the classic studio techniques deep in his bones, Ford always had faith his production team would conjure up the film he wanted. But he had reached a point here where he could no longer bend the techniques to his will.

To be clear: I’m not damning Valance. It’s one of those very few films everyone should see at least once. It’s not Ford at the top of his form; but at his second best, like here, he was still breathing air at a strata the vast majority of filmmakers never come near. It’s fascinating and even enthralling to see him pushing back at forces he often doesn’t understand yet still sometimes finding a way to come out on top. And it’s, all else aside, a solid western—even if it looks more like a stage play or something shot in Edison’s Black Maria.

The transfer streaming on Prime might not be reference-quality but it’s a solid presentation without any jarring flaws. I realize those kinds of comments about streaming content are becoming redundant, but that’s a hugely promising sign. With the proliferation of wider bandwidth and the continual improvement of codecs, there’s every reason to think reference-quality releases of older films will be the norm on the major streaming services within just a couple years. Which raises the question: Why will we need anything other than streaming when that day finally arrives?

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | The transfer might not be reference-quality but it’s a solid presentation without any jarring flaws—which is quickly becoming the norm with classic films on streaming services like Prime

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Review: Capote

Capote (2005)

review | Capote

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Strong performances, haunting cinematography, and powerful real-life source material make this 2005 rumination on the deeply flawed author worth a look

by Michael Gaughn
December 9, 2022

There’s not much point in beating up on older films since they’re already relegated to the past. Why take the time to pluck something out and hold it up for examination if it’s not worth recommending? That said, I think it’s fair game to talk about a flawed movie if it’s worth seeing at least once, especially if watching it offers some perspective on movies of the time or since. And that would be Capote.

This is a good film that could have been a great one—which is why I revisit it occasionally, only to experience the same frustration every time. It became apparent on this most recent viewing that it’s not great exactly because it was made at the moment when the movies stopped aiming that high, when they decided to invest only in the safely known and merely ape “great” gestures, putting all their money on style to convince audiences they were seeing something substantial; when they chose to divert instead of absorb.

Philip Seymour Hoffman, Chris Cooper, Catherine Keener, and Clifton Collins Jr. are all exceptionally strong. Even Bruce Greenwood wrings every last drop out of the thankless straw man he’s asked to play. The cinematography is accomplished and sometimes stunning, making the subdued palette as expressive as its limited tonal range will allow. Some of the scenes are powerful, with about half the credit going to the acting and half to the writing. And the subject matter—the intersection of the depraved slaying of a wealthy Kansas farm family by a pair of disaffected drifters and Capote’s efforts to capture that act and its aftermath in a book—is compelling enough to bear the film along even at the moments when it sags.

To see how badly somebody can botch the exact same material, watch Infamous, released the same year—although I wouldn’t recommend approaching that radioactive stink bomb without a hazmat suit. Highlights include Sigourney Weaver as, as best I can figure, a female impersonator, a woefully miscast Daniel Craig as Perry, and the novel concept of gay sex in prison. 

Capote aces Infamous in every way. The problem is that it’s also, in every way, shallow; lacking the courage the material demands, it offers instead an initially convincing but ultimately hollow simulation of strength. Hoffman comes tantalizingly close to translating Capote into a fully realized fictional being but needed a better director than Bennett Miller, someone who could tell him when too much of his own, more regular-guy personality was showing through and when he was slipping into caricature. And the cinematography is so proud of its own stylishness that it loses sight of when it’s no longer serving the material. Seizing on the muted colors offered by the Arts & Crafts revival raging at the time the movie was made, the filmmakers make it look like the events happened sometime between the the 1930s and mid ‘50s instead of the early 1960s. But those events were very much a product of their era, and not staying true to the transitional, sometimes disruptive look of that time robs the movie of much of its potential power. Then there’s the pouty adolescent “the never shines in this world” aesthetic, which, with its myopic brattiness, underscores the film’s larger myopia.

Miller and company would like you to think they’re being trenchantly spare, allusive, enigmatic, speaking in a kind of haiku, but they’re merely striking a series of poses—mainly because they don’t know how to do anything more substantial. That was really driven home when I watched the bonus features and realized all involved could be mistaken for J Crew models. People from those kinds of backgrounds, so sure of themselves and so eager to please, couldn’t begin to fathom let alone effectively portray deeply tortured figures like Perry and Capote. 

Representative is the scene where Capote gives Perry a copy of Walden, telling him Thoreau was put in jail because he was an outsider. Capote might have actually said that, but I doubt it. It feels more like a screenwriter trying to telegraph a point and missing the mark by a country mile. (For those playing along at home, Thoreau was in jail because he wanted to be there not because anyone was eager to lock him up.)

There are instances everywhere of the filmmakers getting things wrong just because they weren’t interested enough in getting them right (like Hoffman’s height as Capote varying by more than a half foot during the course of the film so that in one long shot he almost looms over Chris Cooper). But maybe the biggest flaw is that Hoffman’s character is the only one that shows any nuance, who goes through any significant changes. Everyone else is just there to provide context and foils and help fill the frame.

Miller’s constant need to seem cool and detached also kept him from doing anything interesting with Foxcatcher, another project with tremendous potential but realizing practically none of it, and another one where a based-on-true-life lead—in this case Steve Carrell—comes across as borderline cartoonish.  

Because it tackles a deep subject shallowly, Capote is good for two or three viewings at most. By then, you’ve learned all its mannerisms. It’s not one of those films that matures, offering something new and deeper each time—and my point is that it should be. My other, perhaps larger, point is that this has become the way of the world. That it’s fashionable to treat blockbusters as disposable—as popcorn movies—masks the larger problem that no current films are substantial enough to have any worth beyond their first release, let alone establish a legacy based on anything other than marketing. We’ve all become so cool and detached we’re no longer capable of—or interested in—producing anything that challenges and endures.

Michael Gaughn—The Absolute Sound, The Perfect Vision, Wideband, Stereo Review, Sound & Vision, The Rayva Roundtablemarketing, product design, some theater designs, a couple TV shows, some commercials, and now this.

PICTURE | While the cinematography is well served by the HD transfer, you can constantly sense how much more a straight 4K transfer would bring the experience

SOUND | The spare mix helps to highlight the impressive dynamic range, bringing an effective sense of presence to many of the scenes

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